Cara Cepat Paham Present Continuous Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, Fungsi, dan Contoh

• Dian: “Kamu lagi apa?”
• Rafa: “Lagi nonton Film, nih. Kamu sendiri?”
• Dian: “Aku lagi melukis.”

Coba perhatikan, guys, struktur kalimat dalam percakapan di atas pasti sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, bukan? Baik saat berbagi cerita dengan teman atau dalam komunikasi melalui pesan chat dengan teman kamu.

Nah, kalau di dalam bahasa Inggris, struktur kalimat yang digunakan di atas termasuk dalam dasar tata bahasa yang masih terkait dengan tenses, yakni present continuous tense. Jika sebelumnya kamu sudah cukup familiar dengan simple present tense, memahami tenses yang satu ini tentu tidak akan terlalu sulit, teman-teman!”

Hmm.. jadi apa sih sebenernya present continuous tense?

Pengertian Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense adalah bentuk tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan tindakan atau kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung atau terjadi saat ini. Tense ini sering disebut juga sebagai Present Progressive Tense.

Berdasarkan kalimat yang telah kita tunjukkan di awal, tenses ini digunakan untuk mengindikasikan aktivitas yang sedang dilakukan, umumnya dalam bahasa Indonesia dinyatakan dengan kata “lagi” atau “sedang”. Struktur ini mencerminkan bahwa aksi tersebut dimulai sebelum (begins before), sedang berlangsung pada saat ini (is in progress at the present), dan masih berlanjut setelah (continues after) waktu atau aksi lainnya.

Apa sih Rumus Present Continuous Tense?

Rumus Rumus present continuous tense untuk kalimat positif adalah

subject + be (am/are/is) + verb1 -ing + objek/complement.

Yeah, salahsatu yang menjadi ciri khas dari Present Continuous Tense adalah adanya penambahan –ing di akhir kata kerja. Nah, kalau menggunakan (+) (-) (?) dari Present Continuous Tense kamu akan lihat sebagai berikut:

Kalimat Positif

Subjek + am/is/are + kata kerja berakhiran -ing + objek

She is reading a book.
Dia sedang membaca buku

Kalimat Negatif

Subjek + am/is/are + not + kata kerja berakhiran -ing + objek

She is not reading a book
Dia tidak sedang membaca buku

Kalimat Interrogatif

Am/Is/Are + subjek + kata kerja berakhiran -ing + objek?

Is she reading a book?
Dia tidak sedang membaca buku

Baca juga: Tips Mudah Memahami Simple Present Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, Fungsi, Contoh, dan Tips

Keterangan Waktu dalam Present Continuous Tense

1. Now (sekarang):
   • I am studying English right now.
2. At the moment (saat ini):
   • She is cooking dinner at the moment.
3. Currently (saat ini):
   • We are currently working on a project.
4. Today (hari ini):
   • They are going to the museum today.
5. This week (minggu ini):
   • He is traveling for business this week.
6. These days (saat ini):
   • I am feeling quite busy these days.
7. At present (saat ini):
   • The team is discussing the new strategy at present.
8. Nowadays (saat ini):
   • People are relying on technology a lot nowadays.
9. Look! (lihat!):
   • Look! She is dancing beautifully.
10. Listen! (dengar!):
    • Listen! They are singing in the choir.

Penting untuk diingat bahwa penggunaan kata keterangan waktu membantu konteks waktu dalam kalimat Present Continuous Tense sehingga pendengar atau pembaca dapat dengan jelas memahami bahwa tindakan tersebut sedang berlangsung pada waktu tertentu.

Fungsi Kalimat Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense memiliki beberapa fungsi yang memungkinkan penutur bahasa Inggris menyampaikan informasi tentang kejadian atau tindakan yang sedang berlangsung pada saat bicara. Berikut adalah beberapa fungsi utama dari Present Continuous Tense:

1. Menyatakan Tindakan yang Sedang Berlangsung:

Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian atau tindakan yang sedang terjadi pada saat berbicara.

• Contoh: She is reading a book right now.

2. Menyatakan Rencana atau Aktivitas yang Sudah Dijadwalkan di Masa Depan:

Present Continuous Tense juga dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan rencana atau aktivitas yang sudah dijadwalkan di masa depan.

• Contoh: They are meeting us tomorrow.

3. Menyatakan Perubahan yang Terjadi pada Waktu Dekat:

Tense ini dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan perubahan yang terjadi pada waktu dekat.

• Contoh: I am moving to a new apartment next week.

4. Menyatakan Kejadian yang Berlangsung Sementara:

Present Continuous Tense dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian atau tindakan yang berlangsung sementara.

• Contoh: They are staying at a hotel while their house is being renovated.

5. Menyatakan Kejadian yang Terjadi Berulang-ulang atau Mengganggu:

Tense ini dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi berulang-ulang atau mengganggu, terutama ketika disertai dengan kata keterangan waktu seperti “always” atau “constantly.”

• Contoh: He is always talking during the class.

6. Menyatakan Kejadian yang Mungkin Terjadi di Masa Depan:

Tense ini dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi berulang-ulang atau mengganggu, terutama ketika disertai dengan kata keterangan waktu seperti “always” atau “constantly.”

• Contoh: He is always talking during the class.

Baca juga: Present Perfect Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, Fungsi, dan Contohnya

Contoh Kalimat Present Continuous Tense

1. She is studying for the exam.
   • Positive: She is studying for the exam.
   • Negative: She is not studying for the exam.
   • Interrogative: Is she studying for the exam?
2. They are playing football in the park.
   • Positive: They are playing football in the park.
   • Negative: They are not playing football in the park.
   • Interrogative: Are they playing football in the park?
3. I am writing a letter to my friend.
   • Positive: I am writing a letter to my friend.
   • Negative: I am not writing a letter to my friend.
   • Interrogative: Am I writing a letter to my friend?
4. The children are watching a movie.
   • Positive: The children are watching a movie.
   • Negative: The children are not watching a movie.
   • Interrogative: Are the children watching a movie?
5. We are attending a wedding ceremony.
   • Positive: We are attending a wedding ceremony.
   • Negative: We are not attending a wedding ceremony.
   • Interrogative: Are we attending a wedding ceremony?
6. He is playing the guitar in the band.
   • Positive: He is playing the guitar in the band.
   • Negative: He is not playing the guitar in the band.
   • Interrogative: Is he playing the guitar in the band?
7. They are renovating their house.
   • Positive: They are renovating their house.
   • Negative: They are not renovating their house.
   • Interrogative: Are they renovating their house?
8. She is talking on the phone with her friend.
   • Positive: She is talking on the phone with her friend.
   • Negative: She is not talking on the phone with her friend.
   • Interrogative: Is she talking on the phone with her friend?
9. We are planning a surprise party for him.
   • Positive: We are planning a surprise party for him.
   • Negative: We are not planning a surprise party for him.
   • Interrogative: Are we planning a surprise party for him?
10. The cat is sleeping on the windowsill.
    • Positive: The cat is sleeping on the windowsill.
    • Negative: The cat is not sleeping on the windowsill.
    • Interrogative: Is the cat sleeping on the windowsill?
11. They are traveling to Europe this summer.
    • Positive: They are traveling to Europe this summer.
    • Negative: They are not traveling to Europe this summer.
    • Interrogative: Are they traveling to Europe this summer?
12. I am not understanding the new concept.
    • Positive: I am not understanding the new concept.
    • Negative: I am understanding the new concept.
    • Interrogative: Am I understanding the new concept?
13. The sun is setting behind the mountains.
    • Positive: The sun is setting behind the mountains.
    • Negative: The sun is not setting behind the mountains.
    • Interrogative: Is the sun setting behind the mountains?
14. We are having dinner at the new restaurant downtown.
    • Positive: We are having dinner at the new restaurant downtown.
    • Negative: We are not having dinner at the new restaurant downtown.
    • Interrogative: Are we having dinner at the new restaurant downtown?
15. He is not participating in the competition.
    • Positive: He is not participating in the competition.
    • Negative: He is participating in the competition.
    • Interrogative: Is he participating in the competition?
16. They are discussing the project in the meeting room.
    • Positive: They are discussing the project in the meeting room.
    • Negative: They are not discussing the project in the meeting room.
    • Interrogative: Are they discussing the project in the meeting room?
17. I am not wearing my glasses today.
    • Positive: I am not wearing my glasses today.
    • Negative: I am wearing my glasses today.
    • Interrogative: Am I wearing my glasses today?
18. She is not enjoying the movie.
    • Positive: She is not enjoying the movie.
    • Negative: She is enjoying the movie.
    • Interrogative: Is she enjoying the movie?
19. We are redecorating the living room this weekend.
    • Positive: We are redecorating the living room this weekend.
    • Negative: We are not redecorating the living room this weekend.
    • Interrogative: Are we redecorating the living room this weekend?
20. The baby is not crying.
    • Positive: The baby is not crying.
    • Negative: The baby is crying.
    • Interrogative: Is the baby crying?